Ljubljana urban region peripheral areas deteriorate from accessibility and mobility problems that challenge their liveability and potential for development. To cope with these challenges, it is necessary to acknowledge and address these issues with a comprehensive action involving actors from various sectors and levels. Twenty-five municipalities of Ljubljana urban region have expressed their interest in addressing the issue of mobility through a regional strategy. 

RRA LUR will address the SUMP for which we are the responsible authority. The SUMP is the only strategic document addressing the challenges of sustainable mobility on the regional level. The document was prepared in collaboration with a few other research institutes and key stakeholders level. It is the key tool to mobility planning on the local and regional levels. Since it was adopted in 2018 it is in need of a thorough updating, including shared mobility solutions.

RRA LUR will specifically address the issues of accessibility of the peripheral areas of the region, which are developmentally challenged due to poor accessibility and mobility. The SUMP sets 4 pillars of sustainable mobility and an action plan consisting of 49 sets of measures. All pillars will be revised and set additional objectives and measures for the improvement of peripheral accessibility with special attention to shared mobility.

Each measure will have a specific actor, timeframe, and financial frame to achieve it. RRA LUR's main output will be an action plan for sustainable mobility of the peripheral areas of the Ljubljana urban region which will be prepared as an annex to the existing SUMP.

It will be prepared by the bottom-up approach and would connect all relevant stakeholders from municipal to national level and public transport operators. It will include shared mobility options as part of the public transport system.

Based on the regional state-of-the-art analysis, the strategy will list a set of measures for the following priorities:

1. Coordinated and active governance at different levels (vertical and horizontal)
2. Education, awareness, and public participation
3. Integrated traffic planning, coordinated between different areas (traffic, spatial, economic, etc.).
4. Implementation of a common Demand Responsive Transport System and other shared mobility options in LUR.

The aim of the City of Bremen’s Shared Mobility Action Plan was to lay out a strategic framework of growth for carsharing and to set targets in order to reduce the number of privately owned cars in the city (and, therefore, space consumption through parking) as well as reduce transport-related emissions. The Shared Mobility Action Plan defined the goal of reaching: 20.000 Carsharing users by 2020 and 6.000 privately owned cars replaced by carsharing and removed from the streets. These targets were achieved by implementing the strategic building blocks of:

• Developing shared mobility stations in the public street space
• Integrating shared mobility into housing developments
• Integrating carsharing into public transport
• Integrating carsharing into the City’s fleet management
• And extensive public awareness raising activities.

Before the City’s Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP) was passed by Parliament in 2014, the Shared Mobility Action Plan was the only possible policy for shared mobility.

The City will revise its Shared Mobility Action Plan with targets for the year 2030 and beyond. It will focus on:

• Setting new targets for carsharing user development (20% annual growth)
• Setting new targets for private car replacement
• Targets for bikesharing usage – perhaps also targets for specific demographic groups
• Setting limits for shared micromobility
• Defining quality criteria for carsharing (exists already) and for providers and service quality of bikesharing, shared mopeds, shared cargobikes and shared scooters
• Defining a cooperative framework between the City and providers that goes beyond the existing regulatory frameworks (e.g. semi-annual round table with all providers)
• Defining new targets and expanding on the existing strategies of: developing carsharing stations in the public street space, integrating carsharing into housing developments, integrating carsharing into public transport, integrating carsharing into the City’s fleet management, extensive public awareness raising activities. 
• Securing a strategic positioning (and financing) for staff dedicated only to shared mobility 

In addition to the improvements mentioned above, the policy instrument can benefit from more detailed stakeholder involvement in further developing the City’s Shared Mobility Action Plan.

The general objective of the Bucharest-Ilfov Regional Operational Program 2021-2027 (BI ROP 2021-2027) is to contribute to the strategic vision of the Bucharest – Ilfov Region (BIR) by supporting smart, sustainable and inclusive economic development in order to improve living standards and increase resilience to societal challenges. BI ROP contributes to the fulfilment of the regional development objectives established in the Bucharest-Ilfov Regional Development Plan (BI RDP) 2021-2027 and in the Smart Specialization Strategy RIS3 Bucharest-Iflov (RIS3 BI).

The project will address the Priority Axis 4 “A region with high mobility” and particularized as Specific Objective 2 viii “Promoting sustainable multimodal urban mobility as part of the transition to a zero-carbon economy”.

In the new Policy Instrument established for regional development in our region – Regional Programme for Bucharest Ilfov 2021-2027, there are funds available in the 4th Investment Priority - A region with high mobility, for the development of sustainable mobility, with low CO2 emissions. In addition, in the earlier PI – ROP 2014-2020, a series of projects were implemented in the region in order to encourage the transition to sustainable mobility. Anyway, even if there are several initiatives in this direction, there is a lack of coordination of all relevant stakeholders in relation to the issue addressed, thus generating an uncertainty and a lack of know-how or major investments. The lack of experience makes the way in which the Programme is now formulated to be quite general. Therefore, the PI needs to be improved by defining concrete strands of activity and supporting specific initiatives which will help to improve shared mobility policies and reduce emissions related to car-usage and manufacturing. We will act either on the element of new projects, or on change in management, or both.

In this respect, our aim is that following the learnings and exchange of experience process and depending on the good practices studied within the SMAPE partnership, to act on change through “New projects funded by the instrument”, more exactly to help launch new calls for projects under the 4th Priority of the RP BI 2021-2027 related to the topic of mobility.

Additionally, we will focus on “Change in the management of the instrument” and try to reach the regional programme in the following way:

• by the introduction of new criteria for selecting the projects supported by the policy instrument
• through a more efficient way to publicise/advertise the calls for proposals launched under the policy instrument

The Regional Operational Programme (ROP) defines the key directions of the overall development strategy of the Region of North Aegean and comprises a key policy instrument towards the achievement of the targets set. Aligned with the European policy targets, ROP 2021-2027 is structured based on 8 areas-priorities in order to boost economic growth, mobilize local mechanisms and resources, strengthen social cohesion, while taking into account the peculiarities of the region. Priority 3 focuses on “Enhancing the accessibility of the islands of the Region”, while the Specific Objective 3.ii emphasizes on the “Development and enhancement of sustainable, climate change-resistant, smart and intermodal national, regional and local mobility, with better access to TEN-T and cross-border mobility”. By recognizing the poor quality of transport services in the region, it aims to ensure fast, safe, and sustainable passenger and freight transport. However, until today, the ROP focuses mainly on infrastructure investments of “traditional” transport modes, while other “soft” actions as well as new schemes, such as shared mobility, should also be taken into account.

SMAPE will help the Region of North Aegean to act towards the direction of shared mobility which promotes cleaner urban mobility and low-carbon economy, aspects that are crucial for addressing the climate change today. Thanks to the interregional cooperation, the local policy makers can find inspiration in other regions, exchange experiences and create the right tools by integrating the lessons learnt into action plans.

Due to lack of experience on the issue, the concept of shared mobility is absent so far. Based on the project’s outcomes, this situation is planned to be altered by integrating in a way this concept in ROP, among other measures to a greener region, as well as by adopting a Shared Mobility Action Plan (SMAP) which can be seen as a concrete guiding tool for the achievement of mobility goals in the future.

SMAPE project is expected to contribute significantly to this respect, by suggesting a methodology, set of standards, recommendations, raising awareness actions, principles, and a common strategy. These could be exploited as modifications for future revisions of the instrument itself (in terms of sub-themes, targets, focus), or even including new initiatives and concrete strands of activity. To sum up, all the above will attempt to support the effectiveness of the instrument to reduce CO2 emissions, while taking into serious account the peculiarities of the Region (10 islands, seasonality, long distance from mainland, external border of EU with Turkey).

Today, in the city of Bergen, we are counting more than 550 station-based shared B2C-cars in the city. In regards of biking, we have our own public bike scheme with 1 000 bikes spread throughout our city to make cycling a more accessible mean of transport for all. After the arrival of shared e-scooters in 2020 in Bergen, we’ve had a pilot of digital regulation through geofencing. From June 2022 the pilot will become a permanent measure for regulating e-scooters.

The main policy for promoting shared mobility today is the Climate and Energy Action plan. The plan is set to be revised by the end of 2022. Its most important targets and KPIs are:

• The City of Bergen is set to be a fossil fuel-free by 2030
• The City of Bergen shall promote shared mobility. One goal is to reduce the number of cars per household in Bergen – from 1.35 to 1 car per household by 2025.
• The City of Bergen shall reduce the use of person car by 20 % by 2030 (2013 as reference year)

The Climate and Energy Action plan was adopted in 2016 and should be revised. As part of this revision a Shared Mobity Action Programme (SMAP) is envisaged, aiming to improve:

1. Revising current targets for traffic reduction from private cars, and further develop how shared mobility must be a part of the puzzle to achieve them and update our goals for the reduction of traffic from private cars, goals for replacement of private cars, defining targets for growth in use of car sharing, defining other targets that are relevant to promote shared mobility on the expense of private car ownership, developing a tool box for how to implement shared mobility in all urban building projects
2. Develop a strategic trajectory for the implementation and development of digital regulation tools and more knowledge regarding data management and define how the city should work to implement digital regulation to promote better public spaces and more liveable cities and learn more about how to use data to monitor and evaluate shared mobility services and their effect
3. Define how different modes of shared mobility should be considered as a part of the mobility pyramid
4. Define also actions to promote a more socially inclusive city, where the access to mobility services is equal to all.
5. Help us define the challenges of tomorrows mobility, and how we through policies can help promote the most sustainable urban mobility.
6. Promote public awareness of the role of shared mobility

The Regional Mobility Strategy (SRM) has been adopted by the Wallonia government in 2019 and defines a framework to reach Wallonia mobility objectives by 2030 that have been defined in 2017 in the FAST vison.

This officially approved document is dived into 35 areas of work, several of them are directly or indirectly connected to shared mobility. Even though things have been initiated already since 2019 for the areas of work related to shared mobility, a lot still needs to happen in these areas to reach the level of what’s done for instance for public transport or cycling and pedestrian action plans.

While the SRM defines key areas of work for mobility towards 2030 and has been approved by the government, it leaves room to further developments. Some areas related to public transport have been already deepened and moved to the following steps. For instance, the redeployment of the public transport by bus has started following a process developed under the SRM umbrella. On the other hand, strategies for shared mobility solutions and the action plans to implement them require additional attention. This is where we believe the SRM can be further improved. With the aim to cover a gap today that creates uncertainty for new mobility solutions to grow harmoniously and to reach their full potential. By involving all stakeholders, we aim to significantly improve the environment for a full panel of mobility solutions, in good complementarity with the PT offers

In this context, the Walloon authority wants to see a significant increase of shared mobility solutions to cover the needs everywhere they are identified. Ad hoc solutions exist already today with some sharing operators, bike sharing, and e-scooters. These solutions have popped up over time without clear framework organised at regional level. As more and more of these solutions are developing and as we see an interest from operators to develop activities in Wallonia and because it’s intrinsically part of our strategy, the timing is ideal to work on a regional shared mobility action plan aligned with the SRM for the massive development of those services.

In parallel to shared mobility, other solutions complementary to regular public transport like on-demand-transit are part of the mosaic of alternatives to an optimal transport ecosystem. These solutions will also be part of the work we do under the SRM  to be organised (and potentially subsidised) in a consistent way on the territory and with all solutions complementary to PT.

ProvMN defines through the Provincial Territorial Coordination Plan (PTCP), according to regional law n.12 of 2005 "Law for the territory government",  general objectives concerning the organization and protection of its territory in relation provincial or supra-municipal interests and in line with regional planning instruments. The current PTCP, last update in 2010, defines the strategical socio-economic planning measures and it regulates the landscape and environmental activities on provincial level. Concerning mobility, infrastructure, energy and environment, PTCP coordinates all local planning instruments, Territorial Government Plans (PGT–Municipality Plan), and in line with Matua PUMS, it defines: 

• criteria for mobility system implementation, such as connection, accessibility, quality, sustainability, innovation, by promoting existing infrastructures, multimodal options and road safety
• the general program of mobility infrastructures and sustainable mobility for passengers and freight transport;
• the technological corridors where to create the infrastructures network of supra-municipal interest;

In a specific PTCP integration in 2022, a special focus was given to the Valdaro Port area requalification since it is included in a specific masterplan concerning soil restoration and upgrading of manufacturing hub in mantua eastern area. 

SMAPE project will allow the PTCP update in line with EU AFID, REDII, national law and Regional Operational Programme 2021-27.

ProvMN will revise the PTCP based on several elements such as: 
road network including parking areas; railway network with related stations; public transport system; ports and inland water navigation, landings and installations for public transport on boats; freight and passenger interchange multimodal mobility hub; soft mobility networks; Existing and planned charging station infrastructure and renewable energy plants to be used for alternative fuel mobility, (electric and hydrogen mobility). 

ProvMN will define a scenario and plan of the future shared mobility services and options to be integrated with the existing private and local public transports network and to be included in the PTCP instrument. This will be a crucial tool to improve local accessibility of Valdaro Area and the synergy with supra-provincial infrastructure and services. 

PTCP revision aims at: define a sustainable and shared mobility Plan for Valdaro Area, that will used as a pilot testing area; Integrating different sharing mobility modes into provincial public and freight transports; Support mobility sharing hubs stations planning and guidelines in relation to public areas; Support the creation of public-private-partnership; promoting shared mobility options local authorities’ fleets and planning instruments; increase citizens and tourists’ awareness on share mobility.